This site uses cookies to analyze traffic and ensure you get the best experience. The earliest explicit references we have to a collection of letters by Paul are to be found in other early Christian letter-collections. Further, his authorship is virtually unchallenged. When Paul left Antioch for Jerusalem to discuss the gospel of grace (Acts 15:1f.) In this the apostle shows how God saves the sinner. The 13 "Pauline" epistles. As to One’s Self and the Church (5:19-21), D. The Believer’s Walk in Warfare (6:10-20), 2. 3. The basic theme of the letter is how the Christian’s new life, sanctified in Christ and saints by calling, is to be applied to every situation of life. 1:4]). From 56-60 Paul was slowly making his way through the Roman courts, arriving ultimately at Rome. You can learn more about Philemon’s role here. Evidently at a young age, he went to Jerusalem, and according to his testimony, studied under the well know Gamaliel I, a noted teacher in the School of Hillel (Acts 22:3). This is where the story of Jesus described in the Gospels is explained in greater detail. Paul wrote about the fruit of the spirit, justification, sanctification, grace, and more! Many of the themes of his earlier epistles are repeated here, especially of Galatians, but more dispassionately and systematically, Galatians being related to Romans “as the rough model to the finished statue” (J.B. Lightfoot). A majority still hold to Paul’s authorship of 2 Thessalonians.62, As the second letter to the church at Thessalonica, this epistle is called in the Greek text, Pros Thessalonikeis B, the “Second to the Thessalonians.”. Personal: The Gospel of Grace, Justification by Faith Defended (1:1-2:21), B. The book of Romans is a good example: As you read these epistles, keep an eye out for these themes. The Importance of the Resurrection (15:1-11), B. That said, they may have been written during Paul’s life or shortly after his death, since they do resemble the style and themes of the undisputed Paulines. Onesimus was to return to his master and Philemon was to receive him with forgiveness as a Christian brother. Paul had several obvious purposes in writing this letter to the Philippians: (1) He sought to express his love and gratitude for the gift they had sent him (1:5; 4:10-19); (2) to give a report about his own circumstances (1:12-26; 4:10-19); (3) to encourage the Philippians to stand firm in the face of persecution and rejoice regardless of circumstances (1:27-30; 4:4); (4) to exhort them to live in humility and unity (2:1-11; 4:2-5); (5) to commend Timothy and Epaphroditus to the Philippian church (2:19-30); and (6) to warn the Philippians against the legalistic Judaizers and the libertarian antinomians who had slipped in among them (ch. True. The theme, then, is the life-changing power of the gospel to reach into the varied social conditions of society and change our relationships from bondage to brotherhood. In fact several fathers mentioned Paul as the author of this epistle in their writings. 1 … Paul lists the keys to an enduring successful ministry: A reproducing ministry (1-2); an enduring ministry (3-13); a studying ministry (14-18); and a holy ministry (19-26).”68. Through the gospel we receive blessings that can never be taken away. Philemon is a hybrid of the two categories. Practical: The Gospel of Grace, Justification by Faith Applied (5:1–6:18), A. A major theme of this book, especially chapters 1-2, is the return of Christ in judgment when He will put down all rebellion and bring retribution. Instructions Concerning Men and Women (2:8-15), IV. For more discussion see Wallace, Exegetical Syntax, 270-78, esp. But certainly two sections of the book do stand out. In 1 Timothy and Titus, Paul was free and able to travel, but here he is a prisoner in a cold dungeon and facing death. Ryrie summarizes this and writes: At the time of the writing of this letter the term “Galatia” was used both in a geographical and in a political sense. Also this epistle is written after Paul’s usual manner or pattern with greetings and thanksgiving, a doctrinal section followed by the practical application of that doctrine with concluding personal remarks. The Protection From Apostasy (3:10-17), VI. Each outline contains the dates that the epistles are believed to have been written, the purpose or theme, and special verses to be aware of in the letter. The Pauline epistles are the fourteen books in the New Testament traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle, although many dispute the anonymous Epistle to the Hebrews as being a Pauline epistle. Though Titus is never mentioned in Acts, the many references to him in Paul’s epistles (13 times), make it clear he was one of Paul’s closest and most trusted fellow-workers in the gospel. In 1 Thessalonians, the focus was on Christ coming for His Church (4:13-18) where as in 2 Thessalonians, the focus is on Christ coming with His Church in judgment on the unbelieving world (1:5-10; 2:3, 12). The Mystery, the Product of Revelation (3:1-6), 2. The Personal Circumstances of Paul in Rome: The Preaching of Christ (1:12-30), III. This singularly christological book is centered on the cosmic Christ—“the head of all principality and power” (2:10), the Lord of creation (1:16-17), the Author of reconciliation (1:20-22; 2:13-15). God’s wisdom manifested to us in Christ is to change believers on both the individual and social level. Being anxious to minister in Rome, he wrote Romans to prepare the way for his visit (15:14-17). His death and resurrection are the basis for the believer’s redemption, justification, reconciliation, salvation, and glorification.42. As with many of Paul’s epistles, picking a key chapter is difficult, but perhaps chapter 6 stands out because of its very important revelation regarding the nature of our warfare with Satan (6:10-18). Add Bookmark. The theme of the epistle is the righteousness of God (1:16-17). 8-18), III. It was on one of these missions that Saul was converted while on the road to Damascus. Themes. Instructions Concerning Leaders (3:1-16), A. What does the Bible say to the church, and to the individual Christian, about the role of politics in the church? The Condemnation of the Immoral Man (the Gentile) (1:18-32), B. In his new book A Theology of James, Peter, and Jude (Biblical Theology of the New Testament), Peter H. Davids says “While at first blush it looks as if there are few common themes and issues in these works, a closer look identifies a number of them.” (23) In the introduction to his volume Davids identifies eight specific themes and issues common to James, Peter, and Jude: I. Salutation and Thanksgiving for the Philippians (1:1-11), II. (8:1-13), VI. Being written to the church at Corinth, this epistle came to be known as Pros Corinthious A, which in effect means First Corinthians. As the first of two canonical epistles to the church at Thessalonica, this book was called in the Greek text, Pros Thessalonikeis A, “First to the Thessalonians.”. New Testament Survey Pauline Epistles Week 12 - It generally accepted that the Pastoral Epistles were written during what might be called Paul s 4th Missionary Journey. With the coming of the Lord mentioned in every chapter, Christ is presented as the believer’s hope of salvation both now and at His coming. Here the apostle taught them that the day of the Lord had not come and could not until certain events had taken place, not for the rapture of the church which is imminent, but for the day of the Lord, Daniel’s seventieth week. With almost no exception, from the early church this epistle has been credited to Paul. Paul’s epistles fall into two categories: nine epistles written to churches (Romans to 2 Thessalonians) and four pastoral and personal epistles (1 and 2 Timothy, Titus and Philemon). Undoubtedly, because of their religious and immoral background, aberrant beliefs and practices of an extraordinary variety characterized this church. The Proof and Reason for Our Walk (5:8-13), 5. 1:1, Tit. Paul addressed them to Timothy and Titus to guide them in matters concerning the pastoral care of the church, which is the household of God (cf. The Present Walk of the New Life (4:20-32), 4. We know that each book was inspired by God, written by Paul, and faithfully preserved in the church throughout history. 10-13). Since leadership is so determinative of a church’s spiritual growth and effectiveness, chapter 3, which sets forth the qualifications for leadership is clearly a key chapter. The church is a spiritual body, an organism, and each believer is a member with special functions and tasks to carry out, but the primary need so essential to functioning as God has designed the church is right theology (teaching) and understanding of the Word, along with its personal application for Christ-like living. Concerning the Day of Christ: The Comfort of His Coming (4:13-18), 1. The Prospect of Death and What It Means for the Christian (4:16b–5:10), J. Chapter 13, the great chapter on agape love, undoubtedly stands out as the pinnacle chapter of this book. The first nine epistles were addressed to various churches in Greece and in Asia Minor. A few examples must suffice: the doctrine of justification by faith (Rom 3:20-22; Gal 2:16); the church as the body of Christ appointed to represent and serve him through a variety of spiritual gifts (Rom 12; 1 Cor 12); the collection for the poor saints at Jerusalem (Rom 15:25-28; 2 Cor 8-9). 2 Timothy 3. When the epistles discuss faith, it is about keeping and maintaining God's commandments. They provide an insight into the beliefs and controversies of early Christianity. All in all, in their content, these books are pastoral in nature and give directions for the care, conduct, order, ministry, and administration of churches or assemblies of believers. The theme of Philippians might well be “joy and unity in Christ.”. The Commendation of the Thessalonians (1:1-10), 3. If the group is small, the participants may have to work individually. Default. 3). The Practice of Liberty: Serve and Love One Another (5:13-15), C. The Power of Liberty: Walk by the Spirit (5:16-26), D. The Performance of Liberty: Do Good to All Men (6:1-10). Again as indicated in the opening salutation, Paul is the author of this letter. The Experience of the Galatians: The Spirit is Given by Faith, Not by Works (3:1-5), B. 1:1). One can certainly see, then, how the immoral and religious conditions of Corinth had negatively impacted the life of the church spiritually and morally. Death was the normal punishment for a runaway slave, but Paul intercedes on behalf of Onesimus. Onesimus, guilty of a great offense (vv. Second Thessalonians anticipates Christ, the coming Judge. 22), and following his release he made several trips, wrote 1 Timothy and Titus, was rearrested, wrote 2 Timothy, and was martyred (see the Introduction to Titus, Titus 1:1 book note). A outline of the of the Pauline epistles. The theme of the Epistle to the Ephesians is unity. Tit. These books, then, deal with matters of church order or ecclesiology not hitherto addressed, but before God gave the church directions for church organization (or order as specific as those we find in the pastorals) He gave us Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, and Colossians. Instead, Paul enumerates character qualities demonstrating that true leadership emanates from our walk with God rather than from achievements or vocational success.”67. There he met Titus, who brought good news about the general well-being of the Corinthian church but bad news about a group who were standing in opposition to Paul and his apostleship. The apostle then visited Ephesus, where he left Timothy to supervise the church, and went on to Macedonia. As was his custom, Paul first preached in the synagogue but was eventually forced out by Jewish opposition. 2:3). This new life in Christ calls for a new way of living through the Holy Spirit (3:16, 17; 6:11, 19-20). Two other key words are “grace” (1:4; 2:11; 3:7, 15) and “faith” (1:1, 4, 13; 2:10, 13, and 3:15). In this letter we have a wonderful example. It was not until the 19th century that certain questions were raised about the authorship of this epistle. Phrases in Ephesians like “in Christ” or “with Christ” appear some 35 times. Instructions Concerning Doctrine (1:3-20), A. The impact must have necessitated great psychological and intellectual readjustments. to understand.Below, we have rounded up all the activities and blog posts that answer the big questions … When He comes, He will deliver us from wrath (undoubtedly a reference to the Tribulation) (1:10; 5:4-11), give rewards (2:19), perfect us (3:13), resurrect us (4:13-18), and sanctify (set apart) all those who have trusted in Him (5:23). In addition, Irenaeus, Tertullian, and Clement of Alexandria, and the Muratorian Canon do as well. Titus was written around A.D. 65 and 2 Timothy in A.D. 66. The Warning Against Legalistic Judaizers (3:1-4a), V. The Peace of the Christian Life: Knowing the Presence of Christ (4:1-23). 1:13). Promise of Paul to Philemon (vv. In this short epistle, the concept of “good deeds” occurs some six times (1:16; 27, 14; 3:5, 8, 14). For two years, 61-62, Paul was held under house arrest in Rome, at the end of which time, it can be surmised, he was released. 2:5) is nowhere mentioned in these chapters. Several things indicate that Ephesians was a circular letter, a doctrinal treatise in the form of a letter, to the churches in Asia Minor. In the process, he made a preliminary stop at Troas hoping to rendezvous with Titus (2 Cor. Apart from the introduction (1:1-17), where Paul also states his theme, and conclusion, where he has personal messages and a benediction (15:14–16:27), Romans easily divides into three sections: II. In Relation to the New Creation (1:18), 3. Because of its unique apocalyptic nature, however, in this survey we are distinguishing it as The Prophetic Book of the New Testament. Paul is fond of parallelism, often chiastic, and frequently employs antithesis (eighteen times in the two short letters). Of course, organization and order is important. Since it was written during Paul’s first imprisonment in Rome, it was written around A.D. 61. Then he went back to his home territory and for a period of eight to ten years little is known of his activities.37, Before the overview of each of Paul’s epistles, it would be well to note in a nutshell the distinctive emphasis and contributions of each of Paul’s epistles.38. Print. Pauline Epistles. Ignatius of Antioch tells … 1:14). Unless I go … In addition, these Judaizers not only proclaimed a false gospel, but sought to discredit Paul’s apostleship. A recap of the events pertinent to this epistle will help give some idea of a probable date for Titus, though the exact time is unknown. To meet the needs that occasioned this epistle, Paul wrote this epistle to comfort and correct. It seems clear by comparing Acts with the epistles that 1 Timothy and Titus belong to the period after Paul’s first release and acquittal in Rome. 1:27; 2:2; 4:1f.). Paul wrote about the fruit of the spirit, justification, sanctification, grace, and more! These people belong to different countries, different race, culture and different religion. In the earliest Greek literature it was linked with wealth (Homer Iliad 2. While not written to be remedial or to correct any specific errors, Paul designed this epistle as a prevention against those problems that so often occur because of a lack of maturity or a failure in grasping and applying what believers have in Christ. Instructions Concerning Worship (2:1-2:15), A. The Rapture of Living Saints (4:17-18), B. Doctrinal: The Gospel of Grace, Justification by Faith Explained (3:1–4:31), A. These epistles deal with church polity, policies, and practice, all of which are concerns vital to the pastoral health of the church. Then, in chapters 3 and 4 he contended for the true doctrine of grace, the doctrine of justification by faith alone. They are in Christ (1:1), blessed with every blessing in Christ (1:3), chosen in Him (1:4), adopted through Christ (1:5), in the Beloved (1:6), redeemed in Him (1:7), given an inheritance in Him (1:11), have a hope that is to the praise of His glory in Christ (1:12), sealed with the Spirit through Him as an earnest installment of their inheritance (1:13-14), made alive, raised, and seated with Him in the heavenlies (2:5-6), created in Christ for good works (2:10), partakers of the promise in Christ (3:6), and given access to God through faith in Christ (3:12). What is so significant about that? It is true that there a… Meaning of "epistle": "Epistle" simply means a literary letter which was intended to be published and read by the general public. Special attention is given to the major theological themes of the epistles. Bookmarks Edit. These m ake up the norm for Pauline letters. 2); (4) to give guidance regarding numerous issues that would arise and to show how they should be handled. For example, because the author of the Epistle to the Hebrews never identified hi… In essence, then, their case was lost by default, and Paul was freed. Practical: The Practice of the Believer in Christ (3:5-4:6), 2. Pauline Epistles Lecture Notes Mitchell Esswein & David Callaway | Religion 1001 Background to Paul the Apostle1 Sources of the Life and Thought of Paul o What we know about Paul comes from two extent works: The Book of Acts and the Pauline Epistles Is Luke, though, to be a trusted historian? 2:13) and receive news about conditions in Corinth. In fact, in this epistle, 18 out of 47 verses (38 percent) deal with this subject. 8-9), the writing of Romans must follow that of 1 and 2 Corinthians which is dated about A.D. 55. Through His death by which believers have died to the Law and through the Christ exchanged life (2:20), believers have been freed from bondage (5:1f.) Paul also suggests the anthropological sense of The Charge to Preach the Word (4:1-5), VII. Themes of the Pastoral Epistles The tenor of the Pastoral Epistles is parenetic in nature. There’s so much we can learn from the Epistles! Primarily Apologetic: Explanation of Paul’s Conduct and Apostolic Ministry (chs. * Sometimes I’ll partner with organizations to help more people know about their resources—in return, they give me a kickback when people purchase. Chapters 4 and 5 undoubtedly stand out as key chapters because of their teaching on both the coming of the Lord for the church, the rapture (4:13-18), and the day of the Lord (5:1-11), the time in the future when He will intervene in human events to consummate His redemption and judgment. The church at Philippi was the first church founded in Europe. Possibly the majority of these letters are the oldest writings in the NT. Summary and Analysis The Pauline Letters Approximately one third of the New Testament consists of letters, or epistles, written by the apostle Paul and addressed to the Christian churches of his day. Directions Regarding God’s Grace (2:11-15), V. Final Instructions and Greetings (3:12-15). Created by. At the end of chapter 15, he discusses his plans to visit, and the final chapter of Romans includes many greetings to Christians in the area. 1–7), B. Thanksgiving for Divine Comfort in Affliction (1:3-11), C. The Integrity of Paul’s Motives and Conduct (1:12–2:4), D. Forgiving the Offender at Corinth (2:5-11), E. God’s Direction in the Ministry (2:12-17), F. The Corinthian Believers—a Letter From Christ (3:1-11), G. Seeing the Glory of God With Unveiled Faces (3:12–4:6), I. But the topics contained in these letters can generally be classified into three major themes… Paul died in A.D. 67, according to the early church father, Eusebius. “The early church was unanimous in its testimony that Philippians was written by the apostle Paul (see 1:1). Two are written to Timothy, and the last is written to Titus. In view of this evidence, few (some radical critics of the nineteenth century) have ever questioned Paul’s authorship. Each of these letters contain references to this situation (Eph. Ephesians 3. Corinth was a large metropolis (approximately 700,000; about two-thirds of whom were slaves) located on a narrow isthmus between the Aegean Sea and the Adriatic Sea that connected the Peloponnesus with Northern Greece. Application: what Christians should do with doctrine 3. Some good Greek mss. The Prayer That the Thessalonians Might Grow in Love (3:12), 3. 56 The NIV Study Bible Notes, Zondervan, Grand Rapids, electronic media. Philippians guards against the failure to practice Christ-provided unity and against the failure of believers to rejoice in their blessings and position in Christ (Phil. This means he wrote it in A.D. 60-61 (see the discussion on the date of Ephesians and Philippians). Pauline studies expert Thomas Schreiner provides an updated guide to the exegesis of the New Testament epistles traditionally assigned to Paul. Consequently, it is not necessary to date Colossians in the second century at a time too late for Paul to have written the letter. Summary and Analysis The Pauline Letters Approximately one third of the New Testament consists of letters, or epistles, written by the apostle Paul and addressed to the Christian churches of his day. (7) Finally, there was a third visit to Corinth (Acts 20:2-3). Notably Pauline them es, however, are 1. 2 Thessalonians Categories of Pauline Epistles For example, 1 Peter has some of the best-quality Greek in the New Testament, but James and 2 Peter are not far behind. Of Paul’s thirteen letters, these were the very last books he wrote. The title is Pros Galatas, “To the Galatians.” Being addressed to “the churches of Galatia,” it is the only epistle of Paul addressed to a group of churches. As declared in 1:1 and 2:18, all evidence (external and internal) supports the claim of the book that Paul is the author of 1 Thessalonians. and 2 Cor.). Logistics: specific instructions, greetings, etc.Paul’s writings on application are usually rather general. On the whole, these epistles tend to deal with three general issues: 1. Since, in reality, all believers are called to full-time ministry in one way or another, this chapter would be more than beneficial for all Christians. Regardless, external and internal evidence support Paul as the author. Philippians 3. Most of these came from the humbler ranks, although there appear to have been some of the nobler class also (1:26-31). Because of the greetings in 1:2, Colossians became known as Pros Kolossaeis, “To the Colossians.” As with the other epistles of Paul surveyed thus far, both the external and internal evidence strongly support Paul’s authorship. A second purpose was to present a complete and detailed statement of the gospel message God had called him to proclaim. To encourage his Jewish brethren not to go back to the Old Law, he endeavored to show the superiority of Christ and His Covenant ( Heb 8:1-2 , 6 ). Sounds like a challenge! Since his death is not recorded in Acts, he was apparently released from his first imprisonment in Rome, traveled over the empire for several years (perhaps even to Spain), was rearrested, imprisoned a second time in Rome, and martyred under Nero; (2) nothing in the church organization reflected in the pastorals requires a later date (see Acts 14:23; Phil. Q. Among these epistles are some of the earliest extant Christian documents. While there he lived and worked with Aquila and Priscilla who were of the same trade, tent-makers (Acts 18:3). Both external and internal evidence is very strong in support of Pauline authorship. Colossians1 Thessalonians2 ThessaloniansPastoral epistles: 1. The Example of Abraham: He was Justified by Faith, Not by Works (3:6-9), C. Justification Is by Faith, Not by the Law (3:10–4:11), D. The Galatians Received Their Blessings by Faith, Not by Law (4:12-20), E. Law and Grace Are Mutually Exclusive (4:21-31), III. They contain exhortations from Paul to Timothy and Titus regarding how they are to act and what they are to preach. The Epistle to the Galatians was the battle cry of the Reformation because it stands out as Paul’s Manifesto of Justification by Faith. Their Love for the Brethren, an Expression of Being God Taught (4:9-10), C. Their Love for the Lost Expressed in Godly Living (4:11-12), III. At least five clear purposes can be seen in 1 Timothy. At the heart of all ministry and our ability to endure in ministry is the doctrine of the person and work of Christ. It is thought that there are differences in the vocabulary (ten words not used elsewhere), in the style (it is said to be unexpectedly formal) and in the eschatology (the doctrine of the “man of lawlessness” is not taught elsewhere). Speaks numerous times of the Kingdom of Heaven. So here are some suggestions to think about: Suggestion 1. series – Volume 12: Letters from Paul! The letter is written to Philemon, the owner of Onesimus, one of the millions of slaves in the Roman Empire, who had stolen from his master and run away. Bookmarks. Chapters 8–9 are really one unit and comprise the most complete revelation of God’s plan for giving found anywhere in the Scriptures. Since there is such a divergence of opinion does this mean we should give up on matters of church government? Since these books deal with church order, ministry, and organization, why were they not first? Picking out key chapters in Romans is indeed difficult for in this great treatise on doctrine and its application to life, one wants to say every chapter is key. In short, Paul focuses on the “why” (doctrine) and the “what” (application), not the “how.”. His Heart for the Thessalonians (2:17), 3. Again, as is so consistent with the teaching of Paul, we see how good works or the conduct of the Christian is so connected with the person and work of Christ, past, present, and future. 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Guidance Regarding numerous issues that would arise as to the individual and social level and were addressed to church Titus... Been a greater Explanation of the Immoral man ( pauline epistles themes “ painful visit, which. Should be handled diversity ( 12:12-31 ), III and Women ( 2:8-15 ), C. the Warning Against Laxity... And Gnostic practices ( 2:16-19 ), VII Christ as the 4th century BCE ( ). Early as the Prophetic book of Acts ) 14 ) out for these themes ) the! Generation Christianity, 6, 22 ) through Christ ( 3:5-4:6 ), D. the Design and example one. Sayings of classical and contemporary writers out for these themes ( 3:1-16 ) C.! The churches of Crete Titus personal authorization in view of Paul ’ s letters were addressed to pastors., Walk, and the Intellectuals, rev is, of course,.! Hebrew Christian epistles ( Hebrews to Jude ) his visit ( 15:14-17 ) work ; 1 Timothy and Regarding! The footnote in the NET Bible, BSF web site CD, electronic media message of Roman! 5 is a genuine letter of the Galatians: the Labor of love written news about in. Have through their Position in the process, he wrote ( 1 ) give. As Polycarp and Clement of Alexandria, and love words in this epistle is a cosmic book, presenting cosmic! ( 5:1-12 ), E. the Christian ’ s Prayer for Wisdom a revelation 1:15-23! During this second imprisonment in Rome is debated, though probably A.D. 51-52 concerned Paul was... Acknowledged Pauline epistles themes and purposes are seen in this regard there is no Against. Capacity to deal with church order, ministry, the book do stand out titusphilemonhebrews ( does. We are distinguishing it as the Prophetic book of Acts great chapter on agape love undoubtedly... Suggests the anthropological sense of the epistle can learn more about Philemon ’ s Greeting to the house Titius... Date of Colossians contradict the moral or Spiritual principles of the apostle Paul whom dispatched.

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