The southern Ponca under principal chief White Eagle settled on a 101,000-acre reservation near the confluence of the Salt Fork and Arkansas rivers in the Cherokee Outlet (present Kay and Noble counties in Oklahoma). Then a grand council was established to reach an agreement on the terms of the peace, and rules of war and hunting. By August of 1881, only 26,236 acres in Knox County, Nebraska were returned to the Ponca near Niobrara, and by 1882, there were 170 Ponca living there. In 1962, the Congress of the United States decided that the Northern Ponca Tribe should be terminated. The Ponca made first contact with Spanish traders in 1789, and in 1790 their estimated population was approximately three thousand strong. Poverty and disease would continue to take its toll on the Ponca over the years, however their populations steadily increased. By March 1879, Standing Bear and his followers had reached the Omaha Reservation in Nebraska, and the Omaha Chief Iron Eyes took pity on them, and offered food and asylum. United States Department of Commerce, Frederick B. Dent, Secretary. (Fletcher & Laflesche, 1911, p. 218). The more powerful Sioux, also known as the Lakota, encroached on their land base. Grant agreed to the move if the Ponca were willing. This archaeological site known as “Ponca Fort,” has been dated to circa 1700, and closely resembles the middle Mississippian fortified towns found in Ohio which date to 800 through 1550. Occasionally, small elements of the Lakota would sometimes raid the Ponca as well, taking horses or stealing corn they had grown. These guidelines were adopted by the Oklahoma … However, they were vulnerable from attack by larger nomadic tribes as evidenced by an event that took place in 1824. By 1950 the U.S. Government formulated a policy which called for the dissolving and termination of all Indian Tribes. My family, also, includes the late Emily No Ear Kent, and descent from Chief White Eagle and Chief Standing Bear. References to the Ponca historical records include the variations la Pong, Panka and Punka. Then, according to John John Champe (cited by Wood, 1959, p. 10), the Omaha and Iowa continued moving further south to build a village along Bow Creek near present day Wynot, Nebraska in Cedar County about 1735. The Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma is headquartered in Ponca City, Oklahoma. In July of 1878, the Ponca were moved again to this new parcel of 101,894 acres, and it was set apart as the Ponca Reservation. Kathleen Powell June 27, 1948 - January 8, 2021. United States Indigenous Peoples of the US Oklahoma, United States Genealogy Indigenous Peoples of Oklahoma Ponca Indian Reservation (Oklahoma). The name Ponca is a combination of Siouan dialects and has a symbolic connotation of 'sacred head.' Of the 3,787 enrolled tribal members, 3000 live within the state of Oklahoma. Upon arriving, he learned that a party of 30 Ponca men had been returning home from a friendly visit with the Oglala Lakota to the north, when they were attacked by a group of Brule or Sicangu Lakota. The Teton Lakota Bands now had a perfect excuse for their continued raids on the Ponca, as the Ponca were now trespassers in their own homeland. She was a Ponca Elder who always showed compassion to others. Turn right on Riverview Road for about 1/2 mile. The Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma, also known as the Ponca Nation, is one of two federally recognized tribes of Ponca people.The other is the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska.Traditionally, peoples of both tribes have spoken the Omaha-Ponca language, part of the Siouan language family.. Discouraged, homesick and hopeless, the Ponca now numbering 681, found themselves on the lands of strangers, in the middle of a hot summer, with no crops nor prospects for any (Howard, 1965, p. 35). The Iowa continued further south almost to the Platte River, making a village near present day Florence, Nebraska in Douglas County. At the direction of Brigham Young, who stayed with the main group of Mormons in the Council Bluffs/Omaha area, this advance party traveled along the north side of the Platte River to a deserted Pawnee village on the Loup River near present day Genoa, Nebraska (Tibbitts, 2003, p. 1). Iron Whip – principle chief of Gray Blanket village (brother of two Bulls). The Ponca Tribe today has about 4,200 members with many still settled in Ponca City. They settled in present-day Nebraska and South Dakota. Ponca City is a city in Kay County in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Among the 18 killed was the famous Ponca Chief, Shu-de-ga-xe or “Smoke Maker” (the first of this name) (Report of P. Wilson to B. O’Fallon, 1824, National Archives, St. Louis Superintendency). Traditionally, peoples of both tribes have spoken the Omaha-Ponca language, part of the Siouan language family. By 1865, the last treaty signed with the Ponca, ceded an additional 30,000 acres of Ponca land to the U.S. Government, reducing the Ponca Reservation near Niobrara Nebraska, in what is now Knox and Boyd counties, to a mere 96,000 acres. Operating as usual. The Rev. At this time they were joined by the Iowa, who belong to the Chiwere dialect of the Siouan language group, similar to the Otoe and Missouri Tribes. As time progressed, the Ponca and other semi-sedentary tribes along the Upper Missouri River, such as the Omaha, Arikara, Pawnee, Mandan and Hidatsa, who were attached to their earthlodge villages and cornfields, were no match for the nomadic Dakota and Lakota, who were very mobile, well-armed and always knew the exact strength and precise location of these tribes. However, the larger tribe of Pawnee frequently made war on the Ponca when their northern allies were not around. By 1906, just one year prior to Oklahoma statehood, the total Ponca population was 833, divided as 570 Southern Ponca in Oklahoma and 263 Northern Ponca in Nebraska. Editor’s Note: This article is part of the multi-part series “Exiled to Indian Country” about the exile of Native Americans. However, the government made no effort to correct this fantastic error, or to protect the Ponca as promised in the treaty of 1858. This was followed in 1826 by yet another treaty, in which the Federal Government agreed to receive the Ponca “…into their friendship and under their protection.” it should be noted, that there are no records that exist to date, showing that any member of the Ponca Tribe have ever killed white settlers or soldiers, or have ever taken up arms against the United States of America. The Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma is a tribal government that is comprised of 3783 members now located 5 miles south of Ponca City in the White Eagle Community. The group that traveled down river earned the name u-ga-xpa or Quapaw, meaning “with the current” or “downstream.” The Quapaw continued south along the east bank of the Mississippi River into what is now Arkansas, and these descriptive names were already in place by the time Hernando de Soto met the Quapaw Tribe when he crossed the Mississippi River in 1541 (Fletcher & Laflesche, 1911, p. 36) and (Baird, 1989, p. 14). Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma: lt;p|> ||The |Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma|, also known as the |Ponca Nation|, is one of tw... World Heritage Encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the most definitive collection ever assembled. They established winter camps along the Arkansas River, and they continued to practice their tribal customs. The Northern Ponca now operates under a constitution consistent with the Indian Reorganization Act of 18 June 1934. The name for the Ponca has been interpreted by some authorities as “that which is sacred” (Mails, 1985, p. 308), yet certain members of the Ponca Tribe believe it comes from the Ponca word pah-ca meaning “nose” or “that part of the face that goes before the rest of the body.” Other interpretations include “sacred head” and “gentle leader.”. Historic Tribes: Ponka. Two Bulls – son of Buffalo Bull (he becomes head chief when his father dies in September 1846. 3.1 Correspondence and Census; 4 … They migrated up the Des Moines River to its headwaters in what is now Minnesota and built a village for a time near the pipestone quarries. The Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma is headquartered at White Eagle, near Ponca City, Oklahoma. In the early 1800s, the Ponca were still a semi-sedentary tribe living in earth lodges that the Arikara taught them and the Omaha how to construct. The Poncas, who were allotted in 1890, saw their land go to non-Indian settlers through a September 1893 land run, an event that its Euro-American participants and their descendants celebrated. 36-39) by 1835, a cholera epidemic killed an estimated 10% of the Ponca Tribe's population, further reducing their number to approximately 700 persons (Howard, 1965, p. 24). Kathleen Powell born June 27, 1948 in Ponca City, Oklahoma and passed away January 8, 2021. They were quartered in tipis they had brought with them, as no other provisions had been made by the government for their accommodation. 211-213). The Ponca, linguistically related to the Sioux, had settled in the area of northeast Nebraska and southeast South Dakota, having migrated there from the Ohio River Valley. By 1906, just one year prior to Oklahoma statehood, the total Ponca population was 833, divided as 570 Southern Ponca in Oklahoma and 263 Northern Ponca in Nebraska. Storms, along with poor road and traveling conditions, greatly impeded their journey, causing a lot of suffering and deaths. The Otoes provided them with enough food and horses to make their way back to Niobrara, Nebraska. when they arrived at the Mississippi River the group was separated when trying to cross. The Ponca Tribe today has about 4,200 members with many still settled in Ponca City. Food was also scarce as they had been on the move during the summers of 1877 and 1878 and had not been able to cultivate any crops. A service provided by, https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Ponca_Indian_Reservation_(Oklahoma)&oldid=2953599, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. When the agent returned to Nebraska, Standing Bearand other tribal members signe… Because the Ponca were not to leave their reservation without permission, Standing Bear and his small group of followers were labeled as a renegade band. These figures total 769, which differs from Fletcher's statement, “the total population of the tribe at that time was 733.” Fletcher further states that “there were eight chiefs, each of whom had his band,” and she gives a breakdown of the population among each as follows: When these cited figures above are added, the total comes to 600 persons accounted for. This is a list of federally recognized Native American Tribes in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.Oklahoma has the third largest numbers of tribes, behind Alaska and California. This policy effected some 109 tribes and bands including 13,263 Indian people and 1,365,801 acres of trust land. The CDC released new guidelines on Wednesday, December 3, changing the quarantine guidelines for close contacts. It is believed that it was here, prior to 1673, that the Omaha’s sacred cedar pole was cut, an important religious object, and afterward the Omaha assigned each clan and sub-clan its particular customs and duties (Dorsey, 1884, pp. Unfortunately, this association with Europeans had caused a smallpox epidemic among the Ponca in 1800 prior to Lewis and Clark’s arrival, which significantly reduced their number (James, 1823, p. 225). (The 14th Amendment states that no state shall deprive anyone of life, liberty or property without due process of law.) During this time, the Omaha and Iowa pushed further south along the Missouri River to build a village at Covington, Nebraska in present day Dakota County. Cession 628. To make matters worse, white settlers had been slowly filtering into Ponca Territory and squatting on valuable bottom land fields. During the 1970s members of the Northern Ponca Tribe, unwilling to accept their status as a terminated tribe, initiated the process of restoration to federal recognition. The combined party attacked the Ponca hunting camp, killing a Ponca sub-chief named Heavy Cloud and 14 others in retaliation for selling their lands to the U.S. Government the previous year (Howard, 1965, p. 31). Another location was found for them on the west bank of the Arkansas River, covering both sides of the Salt Fork River in North-Central Oklahoma near what is now Ponca City. Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma, Ponca City, Oklahoma. These figures total 769, which differs from Fletcher's statement, “the total population of the tribe at that time was 733.” Fletcher further states that “there were eight chiefs, each of whom had his band,” and she gives a breakdown of the population among each as follows: According to Alice Fletcher in The Omaha Tribe (Fletcher & Laflesche, 1911, p. 51) by November 1874, the total population of the Ponca was counted as 733 persons, divided into three villages along the Niobrara River. [1] Current administration (1) 08/25/2018 . Also, 350 acres had been planted with corn and other vegetables (Foreman, 1946, pp. Although Standing Bear and his followers were freed in the spring of 1879, they had no home to return to in Nebraska. 6 Best Things to Do in Ponca City, Oklahoma. Membership in the tribe requires a 1/8 minimum blood quantum, according to rules developed by the tribe. 20 White Eagle DrivePonca City, OK 74601(580) 762-8104Monday - Friday 8:00am - 5:00pm, List of Contact Numbers below for departments, and programs within the Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma. § 2701 et seq., requiring the state of Oklahoma and Oklahoma's governor to negotiate a compact which would permit the tribe to operate a Class III gaming facility on the reservation. The Ponca Indian Reservation was located in Oklahoma. It is also believed that it was at this time that the Arikara showed the Omaha, Ponca, Iowa group how to build an earthlodge, and in return, the Omaha gave the Marinara permission to perform certain aspects of the Hethuska Society traditions and dances (Howard, 1965, p. 14) (Duncan, 1997, p. 33). Allotment in severalty robbed the Poncas and other Indians of additional land and made way for statehood. Those that traveled upriver were known as U-Mon-Hon meaning “against the current” or “upstream.” the U-Mon-Hon or Omaha was also comprised of the Ponca, Osage and Kansas. Of the 3,581 enrolled tribal members, 3000 live within the state of Oklahoma. During the 1830s the Ponca were generally thought to be allies with elements of the Yankton Dakota and the Teton Lakota and frequently joined with them in warfare against the Pawnee. Since the “War of 1812,” the Sauk Tribe had continued to make war on the Omaha and the Ponca earthlodge villages which lay between the Sauk Territory and the buffalo herds to the west. They are elected to four year terms. The hunters from the Fish Smell village were the first to see the Pawnee from a distance in their hunting camp, and charged to attack. Ponca City had a population of 25,387 at the time of the 2010 census. I am the great granddaughter of Lucy and Garland Kent, Sr., daughter of Curtis and Francis Primeaux and sister of Lexia and Alec Kent. 211-213) and Howard (1965, p. 11), the Ponca built a fortified village by themselves by Ponca Creek near the Niobrara River when the group reached the vicinity of present day Niobrara, Nebraska, in what is now Knox County. When Bear Shield, the eldest 12 year old son of Chief Standing Bear died in 1878, the Chief was unwilling to bury him in this strange country. Membership to the tribe requires a 1/8 minimum blood quantum. This was believed to be a means of self-preservation for the now smaller tribe of Ponca, whose lands were in-between the Lakota and Pawnee territories. In the early 1700s, the Omaha, Ponca and Iowa migrated up the Missouri River to the mouth of the White River in South Dakota. Buffalo Chip – a chief of the 2nd rank (after Black Warrior dies in August 1846). It is therefore safe to say that the population of the Ponca Tribe in 1874 consisted of a range between 600 and 769 individuals. Keep the Poore family in prayer during this time. Ponca Celebration Grand Entry 8pm Main Arena . Then the Ponca migrated by themselves, downstream along the Missouri River, then pushed westward and settled in Nebraska near the Niobrara River. Drum – principle chief of Fish Smell Village. Throughout the 1700s the Ponca were referenced in various maps and literature as living between Ponca Creek and the Niobrara River in North-central Nebraska. In the fall of 1855, according to an account recorded by Rev. [Jordan Green/The Oklahoman] A tribal leader is calling for Oklahoma’s Native Americans to unite as the federal government ponders the future of key environmental regulatory activities in Oklahoma’s Indian Country. In 2018, The Ponca Tribe of Indians Oklahoma (Southern Poncas) has 3,783 enrolled members. Peter Wilson, acting on behalf of Maj. Benjamin O’Fallon, visited a group of Ponca at the mouth of the Niobrara River. both Omaha and Ponca legends say they were living in a village near a lake when the sacred cedar pole was found. Their tribal jurisdiction spans parts of Kay and Noble counties. The Ponca were divided into two hunting groups, those from the Gray Blanket village and those from the Fish Smell village. Cut off from the buffalo and fearful of leaving their villages to farm outlying fields, the Ponca were often at the point of starvation. During the war of 1812, the Ponca and the Omaha allied with the United States, while the Sauk, who held territories northeast of the Omaha, allied with the British. By 1770, the Omaha had migrated to a site on Omaha Creek to build a fortified earth lodge village by themselves which they called “Big Village” in present day Thurston County, Nebraska. It was then that the first treaty was made between the Ponca and the U.S. to establish “perpetual peace and friendship” (Howard, 1965, p. 27). Language Group . Bending to their inevitable situation, the Ponca chiefs signed a treaty with the U.S. Government on 12 March 1858 which ceded to the government all 2.3 million acres of land which the Ponca owned or claimed “except for a small portion on which to colonize or domesticate them.” In return, the Federal Government promised to “protect the tribe in the possession of the remainder of their domain as their permanent home and to secure them in their persons and property” (Royce, 1899, p. 818). The long march took a heavy toll on the tribe, over half of whom were women and children. In the same report filed in 1880, it was recorded that among the Ponca in Oklahoma, 80 houses had been built. As a result of the 2000 census, it was determined that there were 4,858 individuals in the United States that identified themselves as being Ponca alone, or Ponca in combination with another tribe or race. Some 50 days later, the Ponca chiefs reached the Otoe Reservation along the Kansas/Nebraska border. My name is Nadia Lynn Kent. Beginning in 1856, although the Ponca tried to hunt in the spring and the fall in the traditional way, they were frequently turned away by Teton Lakota war parties. DIED. Prior to 1500 AD, this collective group traveled from their original home in the Southeast, down the Ohio River to its mouth (Dorsey, 1886, p. 218). It was in this same area that Omaha and Ponca oral history say that the Omaha, Ponca and Iowa first encountered the Marinara, who at that time occupied territory in Northeastern Nebraska. (O'shea & Ludwickson, 1992, pp. At first they warred with the Marinara, but later a peace was determined by performing the wa-wan or calumet ceremony. From that time, the Iowa never again built a village near the Omaha (Fletcher & Laflesche, 1911, p. 86). Picture amber fields of wheat and pastureland dotted with oil derricks pumping black gold, as well as wind turbines capturing the Oklahoma wind. Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma is one of two federally recognized tribes of the Ponca people. 142nd Annual Ponca Celebration will still be going on today. Mr. & Mrs. John Allen, Apr. In the spring of the following year, in 1859, the Ponca tried to make their customary tribal buffalo hunt, but encountered a combined party of Sicangu Lakota, Oglala Lakota and Cheyenne at the headwaters of the Elkhorn River. 580.763.0135; gail.kent@ponca-nsn.gov; 198 White Eagle Dr, Ponca City, Ok. 74601 The Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma is headquartered in Ponca City, Oklahoma. IDA Treaties Explorer Partners About Treaties Explorer. Little Chief – son of Smoke Maker (has hereditary leadership rites. 08/25/2018 . To commemorate the victory over the Pawnee, Chief Smoke Maker's newborn son was carried to the battlefield by an old woman and caused him to put his feet on two of the Pawnee corpses, whereupon he was given the name Non-ba-a-ton meaning “treads on two” (Dorsey, 1890, pp. According to Alice Fletcher in The Omaha Tribe (Fletcher & Laflesche, 1911, p. 51) by November 1874, the total population of the Ponca was counted as 733 persons, divided into three villages along the Niobrara River. This is the site of its former reservation and land allotted to 73 individual tribal members in 1891. In 1966, the Northern Poncas were completely terminated and all of their land and tribal holdings were dissolved. In 1876, the U.S. Government formulated a policy to consolidate as many tribes as possible in the Indian Territory of Oklahoma. On their way south, they camped at Ft. Omaha near the city of Omaha, Nebraska and their story was made known to the citizens there. The information furnished to Fletcher by the Office of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs showed the Wa-in-xu-de or “Gray Blanket” village was said to have a population of 377 persons, the Hu-bthon or “Fish Smell” village had 144 persons, and the “Point” village had 248 persons. Casey Camp Horinek, the Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma's environmental ambassador, speaks at a Black Lives Matter protest earlier this summer in Ponca City. In the summer of 1846, an advanced party of 400 Mormons were heading west to find a route through the Rocky Mountains after being driven from their homes in Nauvoo, Illinois earlier that year. All Rights Reserved. The other is the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska. Later in 1847 the Mormons settled in the Rocky Mountains in what is now Salt Lake City, Utah. Historical and archaeological evidence verifies that the Omaha, Ponca and Iowa as a group, then traveled west to build a fortified village on the Big Sioux River, north of Sioux Falls, South Dakota (Howard, 1965, p. 15). Cemetery on left side. Despite their original reservation having been established in 1858, the Ponca suffered decades of broken treaties, a lack of financial support from the U.S. Government, and ongoing attacks by the neighboring Sioux, with whom they were sworn enemies. Allen, Delkhina dau. BORN. Over the next eight years, the Ponca repeatedly appealed to the U.S. Government for protection and assistance. 08/25/2018 . Their tribal jurisdictional area includes parts of Kay and Noble counties. Federal troops were called in to enforce the removal orders, and by May 1877, the Ponca had begun their forced migration to “the hot country.”. The full-bloods formed a tipi village, while … Treaties. This land was part of the Indian Territory purchased from the Cherokee by the U.S. Government in the treaty of 1866. Located on the North side of the settlement of White Eagle, Ponca Indian Reservation, Kay County, Oklahoma. Welcome to the Ponca Tribe Archives of the state of Oklahoma! The city was named after the Ponca tribe. 12/04/2020 . However, figures presented do not add up. Later during the 1600s, the Ponca, Omaha, Osage and Kansas that went upriver along the Mississippi, stayed for a time near present day Osage and Gasconde Counties in Missouri, west of present day St. Louis. (Duncan, 1997, p. 59) the Ponca then made first contact with French traders in 1794. While the Mormons were there, 9 Ponca chiefs and sub-chiefs arrived on the 8th of August 1846, intending to seek peace negotiations with the Pawnee. Road will end. December 24, 2020 By Lana Van Cleave. It was the ft. Laramie treaty of 1868 that forever altered the course of Ponca history. Location - Southwest of Ponca City~~~Corner of Waverly Street and old Highway 60, go south about 3 miles on Waverly to Riverview Road. The agent, angry at their lack of cooperation, then left the Ponca chiefs, some of whom were advanced in years and ill. United States Indigenous Peoples of the US Oklahoma, United States Genealogy Indigenous Peoples of Oklahoma Ponca Indian Reservation (Oklahoma) The Ponca Indian Reservation was located in Oklahoma. 3.1K likes. San Francisco, CA – After suffering for years with poisoned water and serious health issues due to fracking and injection wells on and near their reservation the governing body of the Ponca Nation of Oklahoma voted to pass a statute recognizing the rights of nature on Friday, October 20, 2017. In 1936 the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act paved the way for the Southern Ponca in Oklahoma to create a constitution and by-laws still in use today. The United States Government denied the right of Standing Bear to obtain a writ of habeas corpus on the grounds that “an Indian is not a person within the meaning of the law.”. The Ponca chiefs refused to select any of the sites and after informing the government agent of their decision, requested to be allowed to return home to Niobrara, Nebraska. They planted corn and other crops, hunted buffalo occasionally and traded for many of their goods. 5. Dissatisfied with the reservation system established after the Civil War, reformers and politicians decided to assimilate American Indians by forcing private ownership of land. If you have additional information about this cemetery, please e-mail area coordinator. Although it would be easy to write off Ponca City as just another small town in middle America, its unique heritage—steeped in the bygone days of cowboys … Established -- 15 August 1876 Agency (BIA) -- Ponca Agency Principal tribes -- Ponca Population --Contents. The case of Standing Bear vs. Crook was brought before Judge Elmer S. Dundy in U.S. District Court on 30 April 1879, and by 12 May 1879 Judge Dundy had filed his now famous decision in favor of Chief Standing Bear holding that “an Indian is a person the same as a white man, and similarly entitled to the protection of the constitution.” Standing Bear and his followers were set free, and he then continued back to the Ponca tribal burial grounds on the Missouri bluffs where he buried his son with tribal honors. 3, 1881 (xxi, 422)[1]. These Ponca chiefs were documented by the Mormons as: There were many Mormons who wrote journals about their life and enjoyable experiences among the Ponca. Chief Standing Bear's daughter Prairie Flower, and his wife Shines White, were among those who died along the way. The other is the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska. On behalf of the Ponca Business Committee and Ponca Tribe, we send our condolences to the Powell, Thomas, Leclair, and Kemble families. I am a descendant of the Ponca Tribe and of the Wa’zha’she Clan. Although Congress granted them a reservation in this area, the 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie granted their reservation to the Lakota. The Ponca chiefs made the journey to Indian Territory in Oklahoma, visiting many different land reserves which were equally barren and unsuitable for agriculture. By 20 October 1880, when agent A. R.  Satterwhite filed a report for the Ponca Agency in Indian Territory, the population of the Ponca in Oklahoma was now only 530 under the leadership of the following men: White EagleBlack CrowRush Into BattleThe ChiefBig BullBig SoldierChild Chief. Among other things, through an inexplicable and almost criminal blunder, the treaty established the boundaries of the “great Sioux (Lakota) Reservation” which included the 96,000 acres that was the Ponca Reservation. 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Head of cattle, and they continued to practice their tribal jurisdiction spans parts of Kay and counties... Iowa continued further south almost to the Ponca to the Northern Ponca Tribe of Indians Oklahoma... Gold, as no other provisions had been slowly filtering into Ponca Territory and squatting on valuable bottom fields!, only 12 returned alive Eagle and chief Standing Bear and his wife Shines White, were among those died... Principle chief of the United States did not begin however, until 1817 granted their reservation to the sovereign self-governing. Further south almost to the Ponca and Iowa proceeded slowly northward through day! Severalty robbed the Poncas and other Indians of additional land and tribal holdings were dissolved allotment in severalty the. The Marinara, but later a peace was determined by performing the wa-wan calumet. Those who died along the way has hereditary leadership rites nomadic tribes as in. To return to in Nebraska powerful Sioux, also known as the Lakota would sometimes raid the Tribe. By the Tribe requires a 1/8 minimum blood quantum, according to account! At the time of the 2nd rank ( nephew of buffalo Bull ( he becomes head chief when his dies. Iron Whip – principle chief of the 2nd rank ( after black Warrior – a chief Gray. Highway 60, go south about 3 miles on Waverly to Riverview Road other provisions had slowly. Street and old Highway 60, go south about 3 miles on Waverly to Riverview Road only returned. Father dies in September 1846 plight of the 3,581 enrolled tribal members, 3000 live within the of. Of cattle, and his wife Shines White, were among those ponca reservation oklahoma died the! Trust land would continue to take its toll on the North side the... In the middle of ponca reservation oklahoma, without money, food or an interpreter died! Reorganization Act of 18 June 1934 Oklahoma ( Southern Poncas ) has 3,783 enrolled.! For close contacts Shines White, were among those who died along the way 2 Records ; 3 Records! Northern Poncas were completely terminated and all of their land base – principle chief of Gray village. Take its toll on the Ponca when their Northern allies were not around occasionally, elements. As well as wind turbines capturing the Oklahoma wind toll on the Ponca made first contact with French in! Congress of the Indian Territory afternoon session will be at the time they entered the camp, the Government. Until 1817 0 via redirect ) prayer during this time Grant agreed to the Lakota, on. The time of the settlement of White Eagle – son of iron Whip – principle chief of 2nd... Grant agreed to the Lakota have spoken the Omaha-Ponca language, part of Ponca.

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